Vide our constitution, Labour is on the concurrent list. That means either the Central Govt or State Govt can make laws on Labour. We have several laws made by both. State made laws are only for that state, however, central laws are applicable all over India. In case there is contradiction between the two legal proviaions, the central law prevails.
As for these codes, the Centre has made the codes. When the Centre will make rules, they will be applicable to central establishments i.e. where central govt is proper govt. As for states, theywill have to make rules to implement the codes. Some states have made the rules. Some states are opposite party states. For this and other reasons, like corona, states have not made rules. Once they make the rules two things will happen. The state laws on the same subject will be repealed and thd codes will apply. When the state will make rules, is left to state. We have to only wait and watch.
Vibhakar Ramtirthkar, Pune.