Dear Ramesh,
Replies to your questions are as below:
Can we provide Employment to him after changing his surname?
Yes, the change of the name is legal. There is nothing illegal about it. However, make sure that the change of name has been published in the gazette of India and based on this gazette, he has changed his name in his Aadhar card, PAN Card, etc.
Is there any legal consequence if we allow him to Employment?
The change of name, change of religion, etc., is absolutely one's personal matter. Labour law or any other law does not prohibit from doing so. Therefore, there are no legal consequences. There is no place for paternalism in this regard.
General Comments: Nowadays, men are adopting the surname of the wife to foster gender equality. Overall, patriarchy ruled the world over, and men dominated society. Lately, a few gentlemen are coming forward to foster gender equality hence the inclusion of the wife's name or adoption of the surname of the wife. This is being done to avoid gender discrimination and promote inclusiveness.
The renowned Executive Editor of The Economic Times, Mr Swaminathan S Aiyar, had written the articles for a few years with the name "Swaminathan S Sheznaz Aiyar." He had included his wife's name in between to give tribute to the feminine gender. Unfortunately, his wife expired, and he restored his name as "Swaminathan S Aiyar."
Thanks,
Dinesh Divekar