The Evolution of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS)
In the wake of industrialization, few employers noticed that some of their "factory hands" were frequently absent due to appearing sick, disabled, or having recurring gaps in attendance. Upon investigation, it was realized that these absences were due to occupation-related afflictions, diseases attributable to the raw materials or production processes these workers were exposed to. A classic case that comes to mind is "asbestos-related" illnesses. I recall some canteen workers suffering from hand/palm-related afflictions, and my pioneering employer promptly scheduled annual compulsory medical check-ups, followed by intense treatment and numerous precautions.
The Factory Act and Its Impact
Post-independence, the Factory Act of 1948 was promulgated with four key planks: safety, health, work hours, and welfare of all workers as the minimum standards for registering and running industrial establishments. Later, environmental protection and care were separately legislated.
Post-COVID-19 Norms
Post-COVID-19, new norms in workers' safety, security, healthcare, and productive work methods are bound to unfold and be embraced.
Harsh K Sharan, Kritarth Team of HR Management Caretakers, 20.5.2020