Understanding Transfer Policies in Employment
Transfer is an aspect of service within the realm of employment. The power to transfer is considered a prerogative of the employer, based on the general premise that the employer is the ultimate judge in deciding who works where, when, and for how long, depending on the exigencies of work. Transfers can be inter-departmental and inter-unit, depending on the nature of work or responsibilities assigned, the size of the establishment, and sometimes at the request of the employees.
Even in the absence of a necessary clause in the Standing Orders, transfers can be effected as per the conditions stipulated in the appointment orders on administrative grounds or work requirements. Unlike government service, where employment is a matter of status and not a private contract, private employment is a matter of bilateral contract where transferability is a matter of mutual agreement and an implied term. In private employment with a single place of employment, transfer is not ordinarily possible. However, in employment under an employer with branches in different locations, taking up employment implies transfer as a condition of mutual agreement.
However, care should be exercised while effecting transfers to ensure it is not a colorable exercise of power indicating malfeasance, unfair labor practices, or victimization. The natural question arises whether any office-bearer of a trade union can be transferred. Trade union leaders or office-bearers cannot claim immunity from transfer. Since transfer is a concomitant of every service, courts, as they are not appellate forums to decide on transfers effected on administrative grounds, would not interfere with orders of transfer unless proven malicious.
Hardships or inconvenience to an employee as a result of a transfer are not matters for the courts to consider but for management in the interest of good and efficient administration. Otherwise, heartburns, as other members pointed out, would eventually arise. So, take into account all these factors while formulating the transfer policy of your establishment.
Regards