I understand your issues; they are, in fact, quite common. You have received some very good comments and observations from members so far, and there is a lot for you to digest. If ever there was a classic case of educating the boss, this is it (I am sure many more will follow!).
I once read an article by Kay Buckby of the Development Company where she gave 10 tips for Managing the Boss:
Understanding the Importance of Your Relationship with Your Boss
You must first understand and accept that your relationship with your boss is the most important relationship you have at work. Most people expect our boss to manage us, but if you think for a moment about the pressures the boss is under, you will realize that most successful people manage their boss effectively.
1) Agree on the Boundaries
By this, I mean agree on the standards and outputs expected and avoid leaving things to chance. Agree on reporting lines, for example, who do you report to when the boss is not around? Does the boss require daily or weekly reviews?
2) Manage Your Boss's Time
Remember that while your time is entirely devoted to your boss, do not expect your boss's time to be entirely devoted to you. Does your boss maintain a diary? If not, introduce one; if so, then book time to meet with the boss (say a week in advance). Book a short period of time. Prepare and summarize data and present options, suggestions, and solutions to keep the meetings action-driven (no chit-chat).
3) Avoid Making Assumptions
Most bosses are busy working on their own priorities and often forget that one of their areas of effort is their own people. Never think that they know more than you do; you were hired for your expertise, and the boss was hired to manage a team of experts. Develop yourself; after all, it is YOUR dream job!
4) Be a Problem Solver
Don't moan or whinge about problems, and never dump your problems on the boss. Develop your problem-solving skills. Analyze the data you have to gather facts; brainstorm the options (involve your peers) to eliminate and refine the options, then discuss the solution with the boss. Use positive words, for example: "Regarding the team away day, I've thought through the logistics," rather than "There is a major problem with the transport for the team away day."
5) Always Deliver
Always deliver what you promise to deliver or rather under-promise and over-deliver. Avoid delivering bad news without forewarning. Avoid bad surprises.
6) Develop a Relationship Based on Trust
Careless errors and poor quality of work will erode confidence and trust. Far too many people criticize their line managers, which results in a loss of trust when they find out (and they will, eventually).
7) Provide Constructive Feedback
Develop constructive feedback skills; stick to facts, state it behaviorally, and avoid being personal.
8) Accept Differences
Every individual has their frame of reference; this includes values, beliefs, standards, and views of the world. Accept these differences and work with them.
9) Increase Your Boundaries
Managers often assume that their staff will struggle if given a task outside their comfort zone. Enhance your knowledge and skills, then let the boss know. ASK for increased responsibilities.
10) Celebrate
Make time to celebrate events that go well. We often make time to analyze when events fail, which is negative psychology. Use positive psychology in all working relationships and remember your Boss needs a positive stroke too! Provide positive feedback to ensure you maintain a successful team.
Aristotle once said, "We are what we repeatedly do."
Commit to managing your Boss, and you will repeatedly maximize your potential.
I know I have not given you a direct answer to your query, but I hope that some of the tips given will go some way in helping you to a better workplace environment. It will take time; there is no overnight solution, but it will be worth it.
Hope this helps,
Regards, Harsh