Hai Malini,
I am fine thankyou....
Welcome to our another useful thread.........
Glad to see your good and useful contributions in my threads.....:)
Keep visiting......... and keep posting.......
CRK
crk.mbahr@yahoo.com
From India, Vijayawada
44I am fine thankyou....
Welcome to our another useful thread.........
Glad to see your good and useful contributions in my threads.....:)
Keep visiting......... and keep posting.......
CRK
crk.mbahr@yahoo.com
From India, Vijayawada
Thank you CRK and Malini for your excellent posts.
As my humble appreciation I just quote:
"Sharing a information is an Art.
But sharing an 'useful' information is Smart."
Hats-off to both of you.
AVS
From India, Madras
As my humble appreciation I just quote:
"Sharing a information is an Art.
But sharing an 'useful' information is Smart."
Hats-off to both of you.
AVS
From India, Madras
naukri
TRAINING & DEVELOPMENT
TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT is a subsystem of an organization. It ensures that randomness is reduced and learning or behavioral change takes place in structured format.
TRADITIONAL AND MODERN APPROACH OF TRAINING AND DEVLOPMENT
Traditional Approach – Most of the organizations before never used to believe in training. They were holding the traditional view that managers are born and not made. There were also some views that training is a very costly affair and not worth. Organizations used to believe more in executive pinching. But now the scenario seems to be changing.
The modern approach of training and development is that Indian Organizations have realized the importance of corporate training. Training is now considered as more of retention tool than a cost. The training system in Indian Industry has been changed to create a smarter workforce and yield the best results
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TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES
The principal objective of training and development division is to make sure the availability of a skilled and willing workforce to an organization. In addition to that, there are four other objectives: Individual, Organizational, Functional, and Societal.
Individual Objectives – help employees in achieving their personal goals, which in turn, enhances the individual contribution to an organization.
Organizational Objectives – assist the organization with its primary objective by bringing individual effectiveness.
Functional Objectives – maintain the department’s contribution at a level suitable to the organization’s needs.
Societal Objectives – ensure that an organization is ethically and socially responsible to the needs and challenges of the society
TRAINING DEFINED
It is a learning process that involves the acquisition of knowledge, sharpening of skills, concepts, rules, or changing of attitudes and behaviours to enhance the performance of employees.
Training is activity leading to skilled behavior.
It’s not what you want in life, but it’s knowing how to reach it
It’s not where you want to go, but it’s knowing how to get there
It’s not how high you want to rise, but it’s knowing how to take off
It may not be quite the outcome you were aiming for, but it will be an outcome
It’s not what you dream of doing, but it’s having the knowledge to do it
It's not a set of goals, but it’s more like a vision
It’s not the goal you set, but it’s what you need to achieve it
Training is about knowing where you stand (no matter how good or bad the current situation looks) at present, and where you will be after some point of time.
Training is about the acquisition of knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSA) through professional development.
ROLE OF TRAINING
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IMPORTANCE OF TRAINING & DEVELOPMENT
Optimum Utilization of Human Resources – Training and Development helps in optimizing the utilization of human resource that further helps the employee to achieve the organizational goals as well as their individual goals.
Development of Human Resources – Training and Development helps to provide an opportunity and broad structure for the development of human resources’ technical and behavioral skills in an organization. It also helps the employees in attaining personal growth.
Development of skills of employees – Training and Development helps in increasing the job knowledge and skills of employees at each level. It helps to expand the horizons of
human intellect and an overall personality of the employees.
Productivity – Training and Development helps in increasing the productivity of the employees that helps the organization further to achieve its long-term goal.
Team spirit – Training and Development helps in inculcating the sense of team work, team spirit, and inter-team collaborations. It helps in inculcating the zeal to learn within the employees.
Organization Culture – Training and Development helps to develop and improve the organizational health culture and effectiveness. It helps in creating the learning culture within the organization.
Organization Climate – Training and Development helps building the positive perception and feeling about the organization. The employees get these feelings from leaders, subordinates, and peers.
Quality – Training and Development helps in improving upon the quality of work and work-life.
Healthy work environment – Training and Development helps in creating the healthy working environment. It helps to build good employee, relationship so that individual goals aligns with organizational goal.
Health and Safety – Training and Development helps in improving the health and safety of the organization thus preventing obsolescence.
Morale – Training and Development helps in improving the morale of the work force.
Image – Training and Development helps in creating a better corporate image.
Profitability – Training and Development leads to improved profitability and more positive attitudes towards profit orientation.
Training and Development aids in organizational development i.e. Organization gets more effective decision making and problem solving. It helps in understanding and carrying out organisational policies
Training and Development helps in developing leadership skills, motivation, loyalty, better attitudes, and other aspects that successful workers and managers usually display
TRAINING OBJECTIVES
Training objectives are one of the most important parts of training program. While some people think of training objective as a waste of valuable time. The counterargument here is that resources are always limited and the training objectives actually lead the design of training. It provides the clear guidelines and develops the training program in less time because objectives focus specifically on needs. It helps in adhering to a plan.
Training objective tell the trainee that what is expected out of him at the end of the training program. Training objectives are of great significance from a number of stakeholder perspectives,
1. Trainer
2. Trainee
3. Designer
4. Evaluator
Trainer – The training objective is also beneficial to trainer because it helps the trainer to measure the progress of trainees and make the required adjustments. Also, trainer comes in a position to establish a relationship between objectives and particular segments of training.
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Trainee – The training objective is beneficial to the trainee because it helps in reducing the anxiety of the trainee up to some extent. Not knowing anything or going to a place which is unknown creates anxiety that can negatively affect learning. Therefore, it is important to keep the participants aware of the happenings, rather than keeping it surprise.
Secondly, it helps in increase in concentration, which is the crucial factor to make the training successful. The objectives create an image of the training program in trainee’s mind that actually helps in gaining attention.
Thirdly, if the goal is set to be challenging and motivating, then the likelihood of achieving those goals is much higher than the situation in which no goal is set. Therefore, training objectives helps in increasing the probability that the participants will be successful in training.
Designer – The training objective is beneficial to the training designer because if the designer is aware what is to be achieved in the end then he’ll buy the training package according to that only. The training designer would then look for the training methods, training equipments, and training content accordingly to achieve those objectives. Furthermore, planning always helps in dealing effectively in an unexpected situation. Consider an example; the objective of one training program is to deal effectively with customers to increase the sales. Since the objective is known, the designer will design a training program that will include ways to improve the interpersonal skills, such as verbal and non verbal language, dealing in unexpected situation i.e. when there is a defect in a product or when a customer is angry.
Therefore, without any guidance, the training may not be designed appropriately.
Evaluator – It becomes easy for the training evaluator to measure the progress of the trainees because the objectives define the expected performance of trainees. Training objective is an important to tool to judge the performance of participants
...to be continued
CRK
From India, Vijayawada
Role of HRD Professionals in Training
This is the era of cut-throat competition and with this changing scenario of business; the role of HR professionals in training has been widened. HR role now is:
1. Active involvement in employee education
2. Rewards for improvement in performance
3. Rewards to be associated with self esteem and self worth
4. Providing pre-employment market oriented skill development education and post employment support for advanced education and training
5. Flexible access i.e. anytime, anywhere training
THE TRAINING SYSTEM
A System is a combination of things or parts that must work together to perform a particular function. An organization is a system and training is a sub system of the organization.
The System Approach views training as a sub system of an organization. System Approach can be used to examine broad issues like objectives, functions, and aim. It establishes a logical relationship between the sequential stages in the process of training need analysis (TNA), formulating, delivering, and evaluating.
There are 4 necessary inputs i.e. technology, man, material, time required in every system to produce products or services. And every system must have some output from these inputs in order to survive. The output can be tangible or intangible depending upon the organization’s requirement. A system approach to training is planned creation of training program. This approach uses step-by-step procedures to solve the problems. Under systematic approach, training is undertaken on planned basis. Out of this planned effort, one such basic model of five steps is system model that is explained below.
Organisation are working in open environment i.e. there are some internal and external forces, that poses threats and opportunities, therefore, trainers need to be aware of these forces which may impact on the content, form, and conduct of the training efforts. The internal forces are the various demands of the organization for a better learning environment; need to be up to date with the latest technologies.
The three model of training are:
1. System model
2. Instructional System Development model
3. Transitional model
System model :
The system model consists of five phases and should be repeated on a regular basis to make further improvements. The training should achieve the purpose of helping employee to perform their work to required standards. The steps involved in System Model of training are as follows:
1. Analyze and identify the training needs i.e. to analyze the department, job, employees requirement, who needs training, what do they need to learn, estimating training cost, etc The next step is to develop a performance measure on the basis of which actual performance would be evaluated.
2. Design and provide training to meet identified needs. This step requires developing objectives of training, identifying the learning steps, sequencing and structuring the contents.
<image no longer exists>
3. Develop- This phase requires listing the activities in the training program that will assist the participants to learn, selecting delivery method, examining the training material, validating information to be imparted to make sure it accomplishes all the goals & objectives.
4. Implementing is the hardest part of the system because one wrong step can lead to the failure of whole training program.
5. Evaluating each phase so as to make sure it has achieved its aim in terms of subsequent work performance. Making necessary amendments to any of the previous stage in order to remedy or improve failure practices
Instructional System Development model
Instructional System Development model or ISD training model was made to answer the training problems. This model is widely used now-a-days in the organization because it is concerned with the training need on the job performance. Training objectives are defined on the basis of job responsibilities and job description and on the basis of the defined objectives individual progress is measured. This model also helps in determining and developing the favorable strategies, sequencing the content, and delivering media for the types of training objectives to be achieved.
The Instructional System Development model comprises of five stages:
1. ANALYSIS – This phase consist of training need assessment, job analysis, and target audience analysis
2. PLANNING – This phase consist of setting goal of the learning outcome, instructional objectives that measures behavior of a participant after the training, types of training material, media selection, methods of evaluating the trainee, trainer and the training program, strategies to impart knowledge i.e. selection of content, sequencing of content, etc
<image no longer exists>
3. DEVELOPMENT – This phase translates design decisions into training material. It consists of developing course material for the trainer including handouts, workbooks, visual aids, demonstration props, etc, course material for the trainee including handouts of summary.
4. EXECUTION – This phase focuses on logistical arrangements, such as arranging speakers, equipments, benches, podium, food facilities, cooling, lighting, parking, and other training accessories.
5. EVALUATION – The purpose of this phase is to make sure that the training program has achieved its aim in terms of subsequent work performance. This phase consists of identifying strengths and weaknesses and making necessary amendments to any of the previous stage in order to remedy or improve failure practices.
The ISD model is a continuous process that lasts throughout the training program. It also highlights that feedback is an important phase throughout the entire training program. In this model, the output of one phase is an input to the next phase
Transitional model
Transitional model focuses on the organization as a whole. The outer loop describes the vision, mission and values of the organization on the basis of which training model i.e. inner loop is executed.
Vision – focuses on the milestones that the organization would like to achieve after the defined point of time. A vision statement tells that where the organization sees itself few years down the line. A vision may include setting a role mode, or bringing some internal transformation, or may be promising to meet some other deadlines.
Mission – explain the reason of organizational existence. It identifies the position in the community. The reason of developing a mission statement is to motivate, inspire, and inform the employees regarding the organization. The mission statement tells about the identity that how the organization would like to be viewed by the customers, employees, and all other stakeholders.
<image no longer exists>
Values – is the translation of vision and mission into communicable ideals. It reflects the deeply held values of the organization and is independent of current industry environment. For example, values may include social responsibility, excellent customer service, etc.
The mission, vision, and values precede the objective in the inner loop. This model considers the organization as a whole. The objective is formulated keeping these three things in mind and then the training model is further implemented.
From India, Madras
This is the era of cut-throat competition and with this changing scenario of business; the role of HR professionals in training has been widened. HR role now is:
1. Active involvement in employee education
2. Rewards for improvement in performance
3. Rewards to be associated with self esteem and self worth
4. Providing pre-employment market oriented skill development education and post employment support for advanced education and training
5. Flexible access i.e. anytime, anywhere training
THE TRAINING SYSTEM
A System is a combination of things or parts that must work together to perform a particular function. An organization is a system and training is a sub system of the organization.
The System Approach views training as a sub system of an organization. System Approach can be used to examine broad issues like objectives, functions, and aim. It establishes a logical relationship between the sequential stages in the process of training need analysis (TNA), formulating, delivering, and evaluating.
There are 4 necessary inputs i.e. technology, man, material, time required in every system to produce products or services. And every system must have some output from these inputs in order to survive. The output can be tangible or intangible depending upon the organization’s requirement. A system approach to training is planned creation of training program. This approach uses step-by-step procedures to solve the problems. Under systematic approach, training is undertaken on planned basis. Out of this planned effort, one such basic model of five steps is system model that is explained below.
Organisation are working in open environment i.e. there are some internal and external forces, that poses threats and opportunities, therefore, trainers need to be aware of these forces which may impact on the content, form, and conduct of the training efforts. The internal forces are the various demands of the organization for a better learning environment; need to be up to date with the latest technologies.
The three model of training are:
1. System model
2. Instructional System Development model
3. Transitional model
System model :
The system model consists of five phases and should be repeated on a regular basis to make further improvements. The training should achieve the purpose of helping employee to perform their work to required standards. The steps involved in System Model of training are as follows:
1. Analyze and identify the training needs i.e. to analyze the department, job, employees requirement, who needs training, what do they need to learn, estimating training cost, etc The next step is to develop a performance measure on the basis of which actual performance would be evaluated.
2. Design and provide training to meet identified needs. This step requires developing objectives of training, identifying the learning steps, sequencing and structuring the contents.
<image no longer exists>
3. Develop- This phase requires listing the activities in the training program that will assist the participants to learn, selecting delivery method, examining the training material, validating information to be imparted to make sure it accomplishes all the goals & objectives.
4. Implementing is the hardest part of the system because one wrong step can lead to the failure of whole training program.
5. Evaluating each phase so as to make sure it has achieved its aim in terms of subsequent work performance. Making necessary amendments to any of the previous stage in order to remedy or improve failure practices
Instructional System Development model
Instructional System Development model or ISD training model was made to answer the training problems. This model is widely used now-a-days in the organization because it is concerned with the training need on the job performance. Training objectives are defined on the basis of job responsibilities and job description and on the basis of the defined objectives individual progress is measured. This model also helps in determining and developing the favorable strategies, sequencing the content, and delivering media for the types of training objectives to be achieved.
The Instructional System Development model comprises of five stages:
1. ANALYSIS – This phase consist of training need assessment, job analysis, and target audience analysis
2. PLANNING – This phase consist of setting goal of the learning outcome, instructional objectives that measures behavior of a participant after the training, types of training material, media selection, methods of evaluating the trainee, trainer and the training program, strategies to impart knowledge i.e. selection of content, sequencing of content, etc
<image no longer exists>
3. DEVELOPMENT – This phase translates design decisions into training material. It consists of developing course material for the trainer including handouts, workbooks, visual aids, demonstration props, etc, course material for the trainee including handouts of summary.
4. EXECUTION – This phase focuses on logistical arrangements, such as arranging speakers, equipments, benches, podium, food facilities, cooling, lighting, parking, and other training accessories.
5. EVALUATION – The purpose of this phase is to make sure that the training program has achieved its aim in terms of subsequent work performance. This phase consists of identifying strengths and weaknesses and making necessary amendments to any of the previous stage in order to remedy or improve failure practices.
The ISD model is a continuous process that lasts throughout the training program. It also highlights that feedback is an important phase throughout the entire training program. In this model, the output of one phase is an input to the next phase
Transitional model
Transitional model focuses on the organization as a whole. The outer loop describes the vision, mission and values of the organization on the basis of which training model i.e. inner loop is executed.
Vision – focuses on the milestones that the organization would like to achieve after the defined point of time. A vision statement tells that where the organization sees itself few years down the line. A vision may include setting a role mode, or bringing some internal transformation, or may be promising to meet some other deadlines.
Mission – explain the reason of organizational existence. It identifies the position in the community. The reason of developing a mission statement is to motivate, inspire, and inform the employees regarding the organization. The mission statement tells about the identity that how the organization would like to be viewed by the customers, employees, and all other stakeholders.
<image no longer exists>
Values – is the translation of vision and mission into communicable ideals. It reflects the deeply held values of the organization and is independent of current industry environment. For example, values may include social responsibility, excellent customer service, etc.
The mission, vision, and values precede the objective in the inner loop. This model considers the organization as a whole. The objective is formulated keeping these three things in mind and then the training model is further implemented.
From India, Madras
Training Design
The design of the training program can be undertaken only when a clear training objective has been produced. The training objective clears what goal has to be achieved by the end of training program i.e. what the trainees are expected to be able to do at the end of their training. Training objectives assist trainers to design the training program.
The trainer – Before starting a training program, a trainer analyzes his technical, interpersonal, judgmental skills in order to deliver quality content to trainers.
The trainees – A good training design requires close scrutiny of the trainees and their profiles. Age, experience, needs and expectations of the trainees are some of the important factors that affect training design
Training climate – A good training climate comprises of ambience, tone, feelings, positive perception for training program, etc. Therefore, when the climate is favorable nothing goes wrong but when the climate is unfavorable, almost everything goes wrong.
Trainees’ learning style – the learning style, age, experience, educational background of trainees must be kept in mind in order to get the right pitch to the design of the program.
Training strategies – Once the training objective has been identified, the trainer translates it into specific training areas and modules. The trainer prepares the priority list of about what must be included, what could be included.
Training topics – After formulating a strategy, trainer decides upon the content to be delivered. Trainers break the content into headings, topics, ad modules. These topics and modules are then classified into information, knowledge, skills, and attitudes.
Sequence the contents – Contents are then sequenced in a following manner:
- From simple to complex
- Topics are arranged in terms of their relative importance
- From known to unknown
- From specific to general
- Dependent relationship
- Trainees’ background
- Time allocated
- Style preference of trainer
- Level of competence of trainer
- Availability of facilities and resources, etc
Support facilities – It can be segregated into printed and audio visual. The various requirements in a training program are white boards, flip charts, markers, etc.
Constraints – The various constraints that lay in the trainers mind are:
(a) Time
(b) Accommodation, facilities and their availability
(c) Furnishings and equipments
(d) Budget
(e) Design of the training, etc
From India, Madras
TRAINING & DEVELOPMENT
Contd..
OUTSOURCING OF TRAINING
Training consultancy provides industry professional to work with an organization in achieving its training and development objectives.
Estimation of Training Outsourcing
It has been estimated that 58% of the emerging market in training outsourcing is in customer education, while only 42 percent of the market is in employee education.
The training consultancies offer various benefits such as:
<image no longer exists>
Training Courses that Consultancies Offer
The various courses that consultancies offer are:
Business Training Courses
Management Development
Conflict Management
Managing Diversity
Project Management
Stress Management
Time Management
Senior Management Workshops
Sales
Negotiation Skills
Sales Technique
Customer Care
Customer Care Training
Managing Customers
Human Resource
HR Administration
Induction Training
Recruitment & Selection
Successful Appraising
Personal Development Courses
Workshops on:
Assertive Skills
Building Confidence
Coping with Change
Interview Techniques
Maximize Potential
One to One Coaching
Focused entirely on personal objectives
Move forward at individual pace
Material used in tailor made to specific development Need
A strict code of confidentiality
Importance of Training Consultancies
It helps in enhancing company’s image
It helps in strengthening the team spirit
It helps in applying knowledge, developing core competencies, and reducing work load
It helps in improving the work relations
It helps in developing focused and inspired staff
It leads to greater chances of success
Consultants can provide help on following areas:
Management Development
Team Building Leadership
Health & Safety Training
Interpersonal Skills
Sales Training
Example: T.V. Rao Learning Systems is a popular training consultancy in India.
HRM IN TRAINING
The HR functioning is changing with time and with this change, the relationship between the training function and other management activity is also changing. The training and development activities are now equally important with that of other HR functions. Gone are the days, when training was considered to be futile, waste of time, resources, and money. Now a days, training is an investment because the departments such as, marketing & sales, HR, production, finance, etc depends on training for its survival. If training is not considered as a priority or not seen as a vital part in the organization, then it is difficult to accept that such a company has effectively carried out HRM. Training actually provides the opportunity to raise the profile development activities in the organization.
To increase the commitment level of employees and growth in quality movement (concepts of HRM), senior management team is now increasing the role of training. Such concepts of HRM require careful planning as well as greater emphasis on employee development and long term education. Training is now the important tool of Human Resource Management to control the attrition rate because it helps in motivating employees, achieving their professional and personal goals, increasing the level of job satisfaction, etc. As a result training is given on a variety of skill development and covers a multitude of courses.
Role of HRD Professionals in Training
This is the era of cut-throat competition and with this changing scenario of business; the role of HR professionals in training has been widened. HR role now is:
1. Active involvement in employee education
2. Rewards for improvement in performance
3. Rewards to be associated with self esteem and self worth
4. Providing pre-employment market oriented skill development education and post employment support for advanced education and training
5. Flexible access i.e. anytime, anywhere training
CRK
crk.mbahr@yahoo.com
From India, Vijayawada
Contd..
OUTSOURCING OF TRAINING
Training consultancy provides industry professional to work with an organization in achieving its training and development objectives.
Estimation of Training Outsourcing
It has been estimated that 58% of the emerging market in training outsourcing is in customer education, while only 42 percent of the market is in employee education.
The training consultancies offer various benefits such as:
<image no longer exists>
Training Courses that Consultancies Offer
The various courses that consultancies offer are:
Business Training Courses
Management Development
Conflict Management
Managing Diversity
Project Management
Stress Management
Time Management
Senior Management Workshops
Sales
Negotiation Skills
Sales Technique
Customer Care
Customer Care Training
Managing Customers
Human Resource
HR Administration
Induction Training
Recruitment & Selection
Successful Appraising
Personal Development Courses
Workshops on:
Assertive Skills
Building Confidence
Coping with Change
Interview Techniques
Maximize Potential
One to One Coaching
Focused entirely on personal objectives
Move forward at individual pace
Material used in tailor made to specific development Need
A strict code of confidentiality
Importance of Training Consultancies
It helps in enhancing company’s image
It helps in strengthening the team spirit
It helps in applying knowledge, developing core competencies, and reducing work load
It helps in improving the work relations
It helps in developing focused and inspired staff
It leads to greater chances of success
Consultants can provide help on following areas:
Management Development
Team Building Leadership
Health & Safety Training
Interpersonal Skills
Sales Training
Example: T.V. Rao Learning Systems is a popular training consultancy in India.
HRM IN TRAINING
The HR functioning is changing with time and with this change, the relationship between the training function and other management activity is also changing. The training and development activities are now equally important with that of other HR functions. Gone are the days, when training was considered to be futile, waste of time, resources, and money. Now a days, training is an investment because the departments such as, marketing & sales, HR, production, finance, etc depends on training for its survival. If training is not considered as a priority or not seen as a vital part in the organization, then it is difficult to accept that such a company has effectively carried out HRM. Training actually provides the opportunity to raise the profile development activities in the organization.
To increase the commitment level of employees and growth in quality movement (concepts of HRM), senior management team is now increasing the role of training. Such concepts of HRM require careful planning as well as greater emphasis on employee development and long term education. Training is now the important tool of Human Resource Management to control the attrition rate because it helps in motivating employees, achieving their professional and personal goals, increasing the level of job satisfaction, etc. As a result training is given on a variety of skill development and covers a multitude of courses.
Role of HRD Professionals in Training
This is the era of cut-throat competition and with this changing scenario of business; the role of HR professionals in training has been widened. HR role now is:
1. Active involvement in employee education
2. Rewards for improvement in performance
3. Rewards to be associated with self esteem and self worth
4. Providing pre-employment market oriented skill development education and post employment support for advanced education and training
5. Flexible access i.e. anytime, anywhere training
CRK
crk.mbahr@yahoo.com
From India, Vijayawada
Naukri
TRAINING & DEVELOPMENT
Contd..
Methods of training
There are various methods of training, which can be divided in to cognitive and behavioral methods. Trainers need to understand the pros and cons of each method, also its impact on trainees keeping their background and skills in mind before giving training.
Cognitive methods are more of giving theoretical training to the trainees. The various methods under Cognitive approach provide the rules for how to do something, written or verbal information, demonstrate relationships among concepts, etc. These methods are associated with changes in knowledge and attitude by stimulating learning.
[img]http://www.snh.org.uk/uplandpathmanagement/img/imagex17.gif[/img]
The various methods that come under Cognitive approach are:
- Lectures
- Demonstrations
- Discussions
- Computer based training
- Intelligent tutorial system
- Programmed Instruction
- Virtual reality
Behavioral methods are more of giving practical training to the trainees. The various methods under Behavioral approach allow the trainee to behavior in a real fashion. These methods are best used for skill development.
The various methods that come under Behavioral approach are:
- Games & Simulations
- Behaviour Modeling
- Business games
- Case studies
- Equipment Stimulators
- In-basket technique
- Role plays
Both the methods can be used effectively to change attitudes, but through different means.
Another Method is MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT METHOD –
MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT –
The more future oriented method and more concerned with education of the employees. To become a better performer by education implies that management development activities attempt to instill sound reasoning processes.
Management development method is further divided into two parts:
ON THE JOB TRAINING –
The development of a manager's abilities can take place on the job. The four techniques for on the job development are:
COACHING
MENTORING
JOB ROTATION
JOB INSTRUCTION TECHNIQUE (JIT)
OFF THE JOB TRAINING –
There are many management development techniques that an employee can take in off the job. The few popular methods are:
SENSITIVITY TRAINING
TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS
STRAIGHT LECTURES/ LECTURES
SIMULATION EXERCISES
CRK
crk.mbahr@yahoo.com
From India, Vijayawada
- M James
TRAINING & DEVELOPMENT
Contd..
T&D AT WORKPLACE
In the current economic climate we find ourselves in, many businesses will be looking carefully at their HR budget. With businesses needing to tighten their belts, one of the areas which may be considered dispensable is training and development. This article demonstrates that while many organisations may be asking the question, can we afford to spend on training and development, a more pertinent question would be, can we afford NOT to spend on training and development?
As we know, the workplace is a dynamic, fluid environment. On-the-job training and development needs may change with each new order, purchase or sale. Therefore, it is vital that your organisation is both pro-active and reactive to changing circumstances with in-house training and development.
Training and development in the workplace provides real time exposure to any changes, as opposed to off-site classroom or homework training. It also allows your company to have direct company oversight of the training and development methods used and immediate input into content.
In house training offers the ability to pinpoint employee developmental needs with satisfaction of those needs then interwoven into current processes and workflow. When a new issue or aspect of work is identified, training and development provides immediate development of the staff skills needed to master this procedure. In addition, training and development in the workplace gives instructional staff opportunity for immediate correction of employee errors, immediate review, and additional training as identified.
Conversely, the immediacy of training and development is the ability to change training methods or facts shown to be incorrect, and to change them before adverse work occurs. Consider employee reactions. Some workers may respond positively to change, while others, often fearing the unknown are resistant. Training and development in the workplace means familiar territory for employees and also familiar surroundings for instructors.
When training and development result in better outcomes, employees tend to display a greater sense of ownership and pride in their work. This can help lead to increased productivity and efficiency, and of course, an increase in job satisfaction. Staff who are happy in their work are more likely to work harder and be more valuable to the company, which will in turn, put the company in a stronger position.
CRK
From India, Vijayawada
Father of Human Resource Management in india:
Human Resource Management actually has a history dating back to the times when artisans and craftsmen would enlist the aid of one another to discuss ways to manage their laborors. However, modern HRM has its roots in the National Cash Register Company. John Patterson, the president of the company, formed a personnel department to manage the grief’s of workers after a bitter union strike in 1901
Difference between human resource management and human resource development:-
human resource management means managing and directing the people who work in organization and human resource development means to develop the people with giving the training.
Difference between Human Resource Management and Personnel Management:
Seems like nothing but a difference in name. Departments of either name within any business would be likely to handle the same tasks, and the name given to the department would be based on subjective choice. "Personnel" could be used to refer to employees only, whereas "human resources" might be considered more broadly applicable to all persons performing services for the company (meaning full-time, part-time, temps, contractors or freelancers, etc.)
From India
Human Resource Management actually has a history dating back to the times when artisans and craftsmen would enlist the aid of one another to discuss ways to manage their laborors. However, modern HRM has its roots in the National Cash Register Company. John Patterson, the president of the company, formed a personnel department to manage the grief’s of workers after a bitter union strike in 1901
Difference between human resource management and human resource development:-
human resource management means managing and directing the people who work in organization and human resource development means to develop the people with giving the training.
Difference between Human Resource Management and Personnel Management:
Seems like nothing but a difference in name. Departments of either name within any business would be likely to handle the same tasks, and the name given to the department would be based on subjective choice. "Personnel" could be used to refer to employees only, whereas "human resources" might be considered more broadly applicable to all persons performing services for the company (meaning full-time, part-time, temps, contractors or freelancers, etc.)
From India
Management help
TRAINING & DEVELOPMENTContd..
Reasons for Employee Training and Development
Training and development can be initiated for a variety of reasons for an employee or group of employees, e.g.,:
- When a performance appraisal indicates performance improvement is needed
- To "benchmark" the status of improvement so far in a performance improvement effort
- As part of an overall professional development program
- As part of succession planning to help an employee be eligible for a planned change in role in the organization
- To "pilot", or test, the operation of a new performance management system
- To train about a specific topic
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Topics of Employee Training
Communications: The increasing diversity of today's workforce brings a wide variety of languages and customs.
Computer skills: Computer skills are becoming a necessity for conducting administrative and office tasks.
Customer service: Increased competition in today's global marketplace makes it critical that employees understand and meet the needs of customers.
Diversity: Diversity training usually includes explanation about how people have different perspectives and views, and includes techniques to value diversity
Ethics: Today's society has increasing expectations about corporate social responsibility. Also, today's diverse workforce brings a wide variety of values and morals to the workplace.
Human relations: The increased stresses of today's workplace can include misunderstandings and conflict. Training can people to get along in the workplace.
Quality initiatives: Initiatives such as Total Quality Management, Quality Circles, benchmarking, etc., require basic training about quality concepts, guidelines and standards for quality, etc.
Safety: Safety training is critical where working with heavy equipment , hazardous chemicals, repetitive activities, etc., but can also be useful with practical advice for avoiding assaults, etc.
Sexual harassment: Sexual harassment training usually includes careful description of the organization's policies about sexual harassment, especially about what are inappropriate behaviors
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General Benefits from Employee Training and Development
- Increased job satisfaction and morale among employees
- Increased employee motivation
- Increased efficiencies in processes, resulting in financial gain
- Increased capacity to adopt new technologies and methods
- Increased innovation in strategies and products
- Reduced employee turnover
- Enhanced company image, e.g., conducting ethics training (not a good reason for ethics training!)
- Risk management, e.g., training about sexual harassment, diversity training
CRK
crk.mbahr@yahoo.com
From India, Vijayawada
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Human Resource Management for diploma in Business administration. pdf