Trainees and Employee Status
Trainees who do not attain the status of employees are those trainees or apprentices engaged following the Apprentice Act. All other trainees are considered employees like any regular employees. They should be entitled to all statutory benefits such as ESI, EPF, Bonus, etc., and upon termination, their training period should be considered as part of their service for determining whether they are eligible for gratuity or not.
Termination and Notice Period
Termination is a different concept and occurs according to the contract of employment. During the training period, both the employer and the employee may have the right to terminate the contract without notice or without assigning any reason for termination. This does not imply that the trainee is not a workman. If there is a specific clause stating a notice period during the training period, it will be subject to the provisions in the Industrial Disputes Act. If a trainee completes the notice period, they should receive a relieving and service certificate for the total period, including the notice period. The notice period is not a time when an employee is not working; instead, during this period, the employee is expected to work and has responsibilities as well.
Experience Certificate and Notice Period
In the experience certificate, the employer can indicate different statuses. For example, "from... until he was working as a Trainee, then he was confirmed in service with effect from..., and he was relieved from service on..., following his resignation dated..." This provides a clear overview of the training period, service period, and whether the notice period was served. If the relieving date and the resignation date are close, employers may question why the notice period was not served. This situation can convey a misleading message that the candidate did not fulfill the notice period or that the employer did not allow them to serve it but instead asked for immediate relief after resignation.