Can a company issue termination letter after accepting my resignation

I have joined in an organization where my team started escalating for every silly reason and our HOD started believing them with out any personally discussing with me as they are the old and staunch loyalists of the HOD. I have informed same stating the issues and resigned from the organization in my probationary period.

My resignation is been accepted stating reason as ill health (which is not at all a genuine reason) and been relieved by the HOD without giving me time to serve any notice period. I have even mentioned the issues in exit form as well escalated to management about the teams misbehavior and HOD's support to them on my LWD. On the same some more discussions happened with the same team to prove my guilty and asked my to sign an apology letter which I rejected.

Keeping that in mind now instead of issuing me a relieving letter they want to issue me a termination letter for escalating the issue with management stating that I have done false allegations and as per appointment terms it is a misconduct.

After proper resignation can a termination be issued.

Kindly suggest me how to proceed with this.........

A resignation becomes final when you are relieved from service. Till that time the organisation can reject the resignation and take action.
From the post, it is not clear as to whether the relieving had become final on your LWD. By the by, is it making any difference to you, since your service period looks to be very meagre?.

Thank you for your suggestion sir,

To clarify I have resigned on 20th Oct for which i received acceptance from HOD on 23rd Oct that my LWD will be 25th Oct and i will be relieved on the same day. I came to know that they want to issue a termination letter and they don't want to settle any terminal benefits on 30th Nov through a notice which is sent to my home with company employees. But before sending the notice they have credited my PF.

When I countered to that notice through mail looping management they have credited my F&F on the same day immediately. They are doing it to satisfy their EGO that was the reason I am a bit strong to get my relieving letter.