Understanding Industrial Laws in India: Which Ones Vary by State and How?

Respected friends,

Hello. Can I request information regarding industrial laws (i.e., ESI, Bonus, PF, Min Wages, Wages, Factories Act, etc.) that are uniformly applicable in India? For which acts are there variations from one state to another? Additionally, could anyone provide details on the different changes?

Thank you and regards,
Palluv

Payment of Bonus Act, Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 (Central Act only because for Kerala and West Bengal there are different state Acts of 1970 and 1971 respectively), Industrial Employment Standing Order Act, Maternity Benefit Act, Apprentices Act, Industrial Disputes Act, Payment of Wages Act, Employees Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, Employees State Insurance Act, etc., are central Acts. However, these Acts will have separate state Rules which are different in different states. The Minimum Wages Act is also a central Act, but since the implementation is done by the State Government, it is to be read along with State Rules. In effect, any Act shall be read only with State Rules.

Madhu.T.K