Human resources refer to the broader perspective of managing the workforce within an organization, focusing on strategic planning and development. Personnel management, on the other hand, is more administrative and transactional, dealing with tasks such as hiring, payroll, and compliance. The trends in human resources have shifted towards a more holistic approach, emphasizing employee engagement, talent management, and organizational culture. Human resources as a distinct field emerged in the 20th century with the evolution of labor laws and the recognition of the importance of managing human capital effectively. The significance of human resources to an organization lies in its ability to attract, retain, and develop talent that drives business success. HR plays a crucial role in aligning the workforce with the company's goals, fostering a positive work environment, and ensuring compliance with regulations.