External Member under Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace Act 2013
In reference to your query regarding the External Member under the Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace Act 2013, I would like to inform you that the Internal Complaints Committee, now known as the Internal Committee (after a notification in 2016), is a "quasi-judicial authority" with powers of a Civil Court under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908. It needs to be formulated within the legal framework, and the nomination of the "External Member" should be done on justified grounds and in the interest of the industry. Rule 3 of the Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace Rules 2013 states:
External Members on the Complaints Committees
The Act refers to external members, which generally means persons who have expertise with the issue of sexual harassment. Given the largely intangible nature of workplace sexual harassment, there are a range of complexities involved in responding effectively to workplace sexual harassment complaints. For this reason, external third-party members on the Complaints Committees (from civil society or a legal background) should possess the following attributes:
1. Demonstrated knowledge, skill, and capacity in dealing with workplace sexual harassment issues/complaints.
2. Sound grasp and practice of the legal aspects/implications. Such expertise will greatly benefit Complaints Committees in terms of fair and informed handling of complaints to lead to sound outcomes. These external third-party members shall be paid for their services on the Complaints Committees as prescribed.
3. The external member, though the Act is silent, should preferably be a female as per the Principle of Natural Justice. In many judgments, it is stated that if during the inquiry the complainant is not comfortable giving her statement before male committee members, they could be requested to leave for obtaining her statement on record. The role of the external member is to handle the inquiry without any bias.
Criteria for the External Member
A "person familiar with issues relating to women" would mean such persons who have expertise in issues related to sexual harassment and may include any of the following:
- At least 5 years of experience as a social worker, working towards women’s empowerment and, in particular, addressing workplace sexual harassment.
- Familiarity with labor, service, civil, or criminal law.
The above-highlighted points, as per the enactment and the handbook issued by the central government through Ms. Maneka Gandhi, confer eligibility as a legal representative/expert in the field of the Sexual Harassment at Workplace Act 2013, except that the judgment of Air France in 2018 made it much clearer in reference to the appointment of an External Member.
I would like to further add here that I have completed my PhD in law on the same subject. Along with it, I am a member of the Indian Institute of Human Rights, specializing in the field of child and women's employment and development. I have been on the role of "External Member" in a number of companies on a Pan India basis.
I hope the above clarification, along with the attachment, makes it much more specific and clear.
Regards,
Dr. Aditi Kaushal