You didn't mention where you want to set up your business, the number of persons to be employed, and other details. However, for setting up a small proprietorship firm, no elaborate procedure is required if your place is within Karnataka.
1. Arrange address proof (like an electric bill or landline phone bill (BSNL/MTNL) or corporation water bill, ration card, property tax paid receipt, sale deed, or rent/lease agreement of the building where you are setting up the business.
2. You have to obtain your PAN from the IT Department.
3. Thirdly, simultaneously, you have to obtain your TAN No. also from the IT Department to effect TDS/TCS and to remit IT.
4. Open a bank account with any of the Scheduled Banks, either PSU or Pvt. sector banks, in the name of your firm and obtain a cheque book. You have to register under the Karnataka Shops & Commercial Establishment Act and obtain a Certificate of Registration in Form 'C'.
5. If your business is considered a 'Service' provider, which requires separate registration under the Service Tax Rules (Finance Act) from the Central Excise Department, the ED would issue a certificate of registration and Service Tax registration No. based on your IT PAN No.
6. MSMED (micro/small/medium) firm certificate from the Office of the Commissioner of Industries & Commerce, which will help you get a loan, quick realization of your bills, etc.
7. If more than 10 persons are employed, registration with the PF Commissioner for Employees Provident Fund.
8. Similarly with Employees State Insurance Corporation, if applicable to you.
These steps are more than enough to start for your type of business. However, you have to examine/consult whether registration under CST or Commercial Tax for VAT is required or not.
You will find many consultants (brokers) roaming in the corridors of government offices or CAs who will help you get all these things done, of course for a fee/charges. Practically, it is very difficult if you try to do it yourself. You know better how things are done in India.
All the best.