The Importance of Reviewing Job Descriptions
Your query is most relevant since most organizations do not review their Job Descriptions (JDs). JDs made 10-15 years ago are still in vogue. While the work environment has changed considerably over the years, qualifications and job expectations from people remain the same. It is possible that the job of three people can now be done by two, as new tools have been procured and new technologies introduced to improve quality and speed.
The Role of HR in Job Enrichment
This entire process, called job enrichment, is one of the strategic initiatives to be managed by HR. However, HR may not have full knowledge of each job in the organization. Line Managers, Heads of Departments, and Heads of Functions claim to have no time for such an activity. Moreover, they have more working hands than actually needed to deliver their targets. Why should they review the JDs and risk losing people in the process?
Management's Role in JD Review
What then is the answer? This is a decision for the management to make. Perhaps the management would like to increase productivity targets without any increase in manpower, and this will be done in consultation with the Heads of Functions and Departments. They may decide that these Functional and Departmental Heads will prepare fresh JDs for their direct reports (i.e., immediate subordinates: Senior Managers and Managers). These must be reviewed and finalized by the CEO. The same process has to be repeated one step below and managed within time frames set by Functional and Departmental Heads.
To ensure everyone effectively participates in this JD review process, it must be assigned as a Key Result Area (KRA) at all levels, with Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) including time to define new job responsibilities for each position. HR must track the completion of this activity and provide periodic feedback directly to the CEO who, in turn, must counsel the Heads of Functions and Departments if the process is slowing down or being derailed at any level.
Success Stories and HR's Role
I have known some organizations where the CEOs have driven this process themselves and achieved productivity enhancement by 40-50% without any additional hiring. Some have even created new production units by pooling manpower (including Managers) from existing resources. All this is possible in each organization provided there is a strong will at the highest level. HR has to be a key facilitator and possibly an active coordinator of this exercise.