I will answer your second question first. Yes, you can give your resignation in the 9th month if your notice period is 3 months and you have signed a bond for 1 year of service with the company.
Legally Valid Document Norms
Now let's come to your first part, even though it is already answered above. However, I want to make it clear what the norms are to have a legally valid document. The only technicality in this is that the employer will have to actually spend the amount claimed in the bond on the training of the particular employee. I also agree that most employers do not provide proper training but get the bond signed; such bonds are illegal, and you may break them and defend them properly before the court if needed.
Please see for yourself if they have spent a significant amount of money on your training or not. If they did spend such money on your training, resigning from service before the reasonable term of the bond expires may land you in trouble. You may end up paying the bond amount and receive a negative job reference. In such a case, follow my first advice and resign only in the 9th month of your service.
Though it is your choice, you can resign before 1 year by paying the bond money to your employer at any time.
Please do post whatever decision you take on this thread.