Divya/ Sai kumar,
law stipulates the baseline..
there is standard known as COPC derived from Malcolm Balridge National Quality Award.
a good company should be certified.
in this particular situation, here manpower planning/ staffing/ scheduling comes into picture
eg
Late arrival/ leaving early are not a bane, only unscheduled leaves affect the bottomline,
Brute force i.e. Overtime/ hires denotes planning in poor light,
Analyzing Historical Transactional Flows & projected demands for all processes,
Process Reengineering - converted an inbound technical support process to an Out-bound etc.
next comes in attendance bonus (10% of gross salary) will prevent unscheduled leaves/ counselling by line manager/ taken as indicator of reliability in competence definition/ a good predictor too when a person would leave the company.
while i was in saudi, a person had to go to a hospital or the clinic within the company and only a doctor could recommend leave.. this solves 90% of the issues..we cant fall sick everyday.. and if a person does genuinely then we have different social protection schemes....
demographic trends: one of the biggest firms cashed in on an opportunity.. lots of people working were young ie unmarried or married too but minus kids or staying away from family.. they asked them to work on all saturdays at a good pay
another example is hiring undergrads or homemakers for both full time/ part time and aligning schedules to business needs..
at one of employer, we worked on annual business plan methodlogy.. an employee dint even need to mark his attendance...