Dear Supriya, Leave encashment is not taxable at the time of leaving service; it is a matter of dispute. Generally, the Income Tax Department ensures that leave encashment is exempt only if it is received at the time of retirement. Section 10(10AA) of the IT Act states that leave encashment is not taxable "on retirement or otherwise." The catchword here is 'otherwise,' which suggests that there are certain exemptions in the case of a person leaving their job for reasons other than retirement. There are judgments of High Courts which confirm that leave encashment is not taxable at the time of resignation as well.
In most private organizations, tax is deducted on leave encashment at the time of resignation. Employees have the option to file a tax return and claim the refund.
Regards, Kamal