Hi Lokesh,
Exemption of a company from the act is basically called an exempted company. The rest are unexempted. An exempted company is not compelled to contribute or follow the act. Exemption is not easily granted and is normally allowed by the central government under section 16(2) of the act, only to a certain class of establishments and that too only for a certain period. Nowadays, these exemptions are granted only to companies registered under the Societies Act as they are mainly funded through aids received from the central/state governments. There are certain establishments that have engaged ex-service men who are already pension receivers. Even these types of companies also get exemptions for a specific period. However, exemptions are allowed only after a thorough investigation of those companies.
Thanks,
Vijay