Human Resource Management Systems
HRMS packages are collections of HR modules designed to minimize, if not eliminate, the tons of paperwork generated by human resources tasks or functions. They allow for effective and efficient tracking not only of employee but also of company information from start to finish.
Components of HR Flexibility and Firm Performance
The components of human resource (HR) flexibility and their potential relationship to firm performance have not been empirically examined. The authors hypothesize that the flexibility of employee skills, employee behaviors, and HR practices represent critical sub-dimensions of HR flexibility and are related to superior firm performance. Results based on perceptual measures of HR flexibility and accounting measures of firm performance support this prediction. Whereas skill, behavior, and HR practice flexibility are significantly associated with an index of firm financial performance, the authors find that only skill flexibility contributes to cost-efficiency.
Keywords: flexibility; human resources; firm performance; skills; behaviors; HR practices
Human Resource Management Systems (HRMS, EHRMS)
A Human Resource Management System (HRMS, EHRMS), Human Resource Information System (HRIS), HR Technology, or also called HR modules, or simply "Payroll," refers to the systems and processes at the intersection between human resource management (HRM) and information technology. It merges HRM as a discipline and, in particular, its basic HR activities and processes with the information technology field, whereas the programming of data processing systems evolved into standardized routines and packages of enterprise resource planning (ERP) software. On the whole, these ERP systems have their origin in software that integrates information from different applications into one universal database. The linkage of its financial and human resource modules through one database is the most important distinction from the individually and proprietary developed predecessors, which makes this software application both rigid and flexible.
Function of Human Resources Departments
The function of Human Resources departments is generally administrative and common to all organizations. Organizations may have formalized selection, evaluation, and payroll processes. Efficient and effective management of "Human Capital" has progressed to an increasingly imperative and complex process. The HR function consists of tracking existing employee data, which traditionally includes personal histories, skills, capabilities, accomplishments, and salary. To reduce the manual workload of these administrative activities, organizations began to electronically automate many of these processes by introducing specialized Human Resource Management Systems. HR executives rely on internal or external IT professionals to develop and maintain an integrated HRMS. Before the client-server architecture evolved in the late 1980s, many HR automation processes were relegated to mainframe computers that could handle large amounts of data transactions.
Current Human Resource Management Systems
Currently, Human Resource Management Systems encompass:
- Payroll
- Work Time
- Benefits Administration
- HR Management Information System
- Recruiting
- Training/Learning Management System
- Performance Record
- Employee Self-Service
E-HRM and Its Distinction
E-HRM is the (planning, implementation, and) application of information technology for both networking and supporting at least two individual or collective actors in their shared performing of HR activities. E-HRM is not the same as HRIS (Human Resource Information System), which refers to ICT systems used within HR departments. Nor is it the same as V-HRM or Virtual HRM, which is defined by Lepak and Snell as "...a network-based structure built on partnerships and typically mediated by information technologies to help the organization acquire, develop, and deploy intellectual capital."
E-HRM is, in essence, the devolution of HR functions to management and employees. They access these functions typically via intranet or other web-technology channels. The empowerment of managers and employees to perform certain chosen HR functions relieves the HR department of these tasks, allowing HR staff to focus less on the operational and more on the strategic elements of HR, and allowing organizations to lower HR department staffing levels as the administrative burden is lightened.