You must understand the basic concept of dearness allowance. It is a payment towards the rise in the cost of living, which is calculated based on the cost of living index.
As regards the minimum wages, the State Government or the Central Government makes a notification, and payment is to be made. Regarding payment at a higher level, the company can formulate its scheme for the payment of dearness allowance. It can be a fixed percentage of the basic pay or on a sliding scale, as per the company's scheme and policy.
Please remember, once the company is paying more than the minimum wages, it can formulate its scheme for the payment of dearness allowance. Needless to say, all other factors like region, industry, capacity to pay, etc., are taken into consideration by the company.
There is a difference between the government and public sector undertakings paying DA and private or limited companies paying DA.
Dearness Allowance (DA) is the allowance paid to employees due to the rise in market prices.
Generally, DA is calculated as the rise in the consumer price index. DA is connected with the basic pay; generally, it is a percentage of basic pay.
Example Calculation
Suppose we take a base CPI as 2460. If the current CPI is 3460, then the rise is 1000. The rise is calculated as 1000/2460*100 = 40.65%. Then DA will be 40.65% of Basic.
Hope this helps,
Regards,
Soundar