Understanding ESI and Maternity Benefit Act Coverage
First of all, please check whether the establishment in which you are employed is in an area that is notified under the ESI Act for coverage. It may be that the establishment is covered by the ESI Act, but the employer is not recovering the ESI contribution from you and is also not remitting their contribution under the ESI Act. In such circumstances, you need not worry because from day one, when an employee to whom the ESI Act is applicable joins an establishment to which the ESI Act applies, he/she is covered by the ESI Act, even if the employer has not recovered her contribution or remitted his contribution. Worse still, he might not have registered the employee with the ESI. In all such cases, the employee is covered by the provisions of the ESI Act and is entitled to the benefits of the ESI Scheme.
To receive the benefits of the ESI Act, the employee should be an insured worker, which means that contribution under the ESI Act has been paid or is payable. Additionally, the ESI Act specifies a minimum length of service in the establishment to qualify for maternity benefits under the Act, so this aspect also needs verification.
When the ESI Act Does Not Apply
If the ESI Act does not apply to the establishment where you are employed, the Maternity Benefit Act comes into play. The MB Act applies to factories, mines, plantations, and shops and establishments where ten or more persons are employed or were employed on any day in the preceding ten months. Your post does not indicate the nature of the establishment where you are employed or the number of persons employed there. Therefore, I am unable to definitively state whether the MB Act applies to your establishment. If you could provide details on the nature of work conducted in the establishment and the number of persons employed, including whether ten persons were employed on any day during the previous twelve months, then I may be able to offer my insights on the matter.
Regards