THE FOUNDATION DATABASE for developing job description, job role, job profile is the JOB ANALYSIS.
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job analysis
Job analysis is the process of collecting, analysing and setting out information about the content of jobs in order to provide the basis for a job description and data recruitment, training, job evaluation and performance management. Job analysis concentrates on what holders are expected to do.
Job analysis produces the following information about a job:
overall purpose why the job exists and, in essence, what the job holder is expected to contribute.
Content the nature and scope of the job in terms of the tasks and operations to be
performed and the activities to be carried out ie the processes of converting inputs (knowledge, skills and abilities) into outputs (results).
KEY result areas the results or outcomes for which the job holder is accountable.
Performance criteria the criteria, measures or indicators that enable an assessment to be carried out to ascertain the degree to which the job is being performed satisfactorily.
responsibilities the level of responsibility the job holder has to exercise by reference to the scope and input of the job; the amount of discretion allowed to make
decisions; the difficulty, scale, variety and complexity of the problems to be solved; the quantity and value of the resources controlled; and the type an importance of interpersonal relations.
Organizational factors the reporting relationships of the job holder, ie to whom he or she reports either directly (the line manager) or functionally (on matters concerning specialist areas, such as finance or personnel management); the people reporting directly or indirectly to the job holder; and the extent to which the job holder is involved in teamwork.
Motivating factors the particular features of the job that are likely to motivate or demotivate job holders if, in the latter case, nothing is done about them.
Development factors promotion and career prospects and the opportunity to acquire new skills or expertise.
Environmental factors working conditions, physical, mental and emotional demands, health and safety considerations, unsocial hours, mobility, an ergonomic factors relating to the design and use of equipment or work stations.
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Approach to job analysis
Job analysis is essentially about data collection and the basic steps are describe
below.
Data collection basic steps
The basic steps required to collect information about jobs are as follows:
• Obtain documents such as existing organization charts, procedure or training manuals which give information about the job.
• Ask managers for fundamental information concerning the job, the overall purpose, the main activities carried out, the responsibilities involved and the relationships with others.
• Ask the job holders similar questions about their jobs it is sometimes helpful t get them to keep a diary or a detailed record of work activities over a week or two.
• For certain jobs, especially those involving manual or office/ administrative skill observe job holders at work even with managers or professional staff if helpful, if time permits, to spend time with them.
* Also you can use questionnaire to collect information.
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JOB Competency analysis
Competency analysis is concerned with establishing what is required of someone carrying out a role, in terms of, first, behavioral competencies (soft skills) the people are expected to behave in order to perform their work well and second, technical or functional competencies (hard skills) what people are expected to know a be able to do to perform their work well. Behavioral analysis defines the behavioral dimensions that affect job performance. Functional analysis or some other form of job analysis is used to determine the technical or functional competencies (sometimes referred to as work based competencies) required.
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job description
A job description sets out the purpose of a job, where it fits in the organization structure, the context within which the job holder functions and the principal accountabilities of job holders, or the main tasks they have to carry out.
CONTENTS OF job description
-job title
-reporting to whom
-who are reporting to the job holder
-definition of overall purpose of the job
-principal accountabilities
-key result areas
-tasks/activities
-key performance indicators
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job profile
A job profile or definition describes the part played by people in fulfilling their work requirements . It will spell out expectations and key result areas or accountabilities
What role holders have to achieve and what they will be held to account for (this is
called an accountability statement). The role definition will also specify behavioral requirements in the form of competencies. IT highlights all the features of the job position.
CONTENTS OF job profile
-job title
-reporting to whom
-who are reporting to the job holder
-definition of overall purpose of the job
-principal accountabilities
-key result areas/ amount of time allocated for the key result areas.
-competence for each key result areas.
-tasks/activities
-key performance indicators
-levels of performance / when it will be achieved
level 1 new recruit to standard performance
level 2 standard to established performance
level 3 established to experienced role model performance
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ROLE
ROLE focuses on the work the people do, and looks
at the part that people play in carrying out their jobs
rather then tha tasks they carry out. It is concerned with the
broader aspects of behavior expected of job holders in achieving
the overall purpose of the role , as well as work content.
EXAMPLE
SALESMEN [ JOB] ARE REVENUE EARNERS [ROLE ].
HOPE THIS IS USEFUL TO YOU
REGARDS
LEO LINGHAM