Dear Poonam, As far as i understud ur question, u are very sure that "who are you calling" is wrong but you are seeking the grammatical reason behind it bng wrong. If i am ryt, kindly read ahead, in the later part i have given certain grammar rules which may b of use to you. but in case u rnt looking for the gramatical reason, u may find it difficul to undrstand.
As per the gramatical rules:
Simple sentences= Subject + ( Helping verb+ Main Verb) + Object
Question 1. (“Yes/No” questions) = Helping Verb+ Subject+ Main Verb+ Object
Question 1 (“wh” questions) = “wh word (who, when, what, etc)” + Helping Verb+
Subject+ Main Verb+ Object.
(In the second case certain entities can be omitted as pe the context)
1. Helping Verb + Subject + Main Verb + Object
Do You Read books?
Have you Read this book?
2. “wh word (who, when, etc)” + Helping Verb + Subject + Main Verb + Object.
a. Who are You? (No main Verb, No object)
b. Who is playing? (No Subject , No object)
c. Who is playing? Cricket (No Subject)
d. What are you doing? (No object)
e When are you going there? (all entities)
One need to understand when and in what context which element has to be omitted and when the formula is to be used as it is.
Taking help of hindi language:
“Who” questions can be of two types
1. Where a verb is being done (koi kaam ho raha hai) as in eg 2.b and c
2. Where an existence is questioned (kisi cheez ka hona “tha, thi, hai, hain, hoga, honge” ) as in eg 2. A
Now whenever an exixtence is questioned, subject is a must whose existence is questioned (“you” in eg a) but no verb is done (no main verb) and hence object is not required.
Who is calling= kaun call kar raha hai?
Who are you= aap kaun ho?
Who are you who is calling= aap kaun ho jo call kar rahe ho?
Note dat “jo call kar rahe ho” is irrelevant, “aap kaun ho” is sufficient.
So the key are the formulae mentioned above. Remember dat few of the elements can be omitted as per the context but the order cant be changed and nothing other dan prepositions, articles, etc can be added.
Taking your example “Who are are you calling”
Who are you= existence que
Who is calling= verb(calling) is bieng done so the respective formula is to be used.
Both cant be clubbed unless a conjuction is used to make it a compound sentence made of two or more simple sentence.
I am sure u must have found it difficult to understand and boring as well. But, this doubt comes under topic “structuring of sentence” which is very basic but very important concept. Generally speakers know the correct order simly by bng in an eng speaking environment but the ones who are completely unaware are to be tought dis. That doesnt, in any way mean that u are oen of those. What I mean is dat its one of the very basics and because v dnt come across grammatical rule v may face exceptions and may nt udrsatnd the correct use because of general and popular us of certaing words….
Hope it solved ur query…
If it did, u can get in touych for any other guidance. Else I apologise.
Good day!!
Regards Shipra
As per the gramatical rules:
Simple sentences= Subject + ( Helping verb+ Main Verb) + Object
Question 1. (“Yes/No” questions) = Helping Verb+ Subject+ Main Verb+ Object
Question 1 (“wh” questions) = “wh word (who, when, what, etc)” + Helping Verb+
Subject+ Main Verb+ Object.
(In the second case certain entities can be omitted as pe the context)
1. Helping Verb + Subject + Main Verb + Object
Do You Read books?
Have you Read this book?
2. “wh word (who, when, etc)” + Helping Verb + Subject + Main Verb + Object.
a. Who are You? (No main Verb, No object)
b. Who is playing? (No Subject , No object)
c. Who is playing? Cricket (No Subject)
d. What are you doing? (No object)
e When are you going there? (all entities)
One need to understand when and in what context which element has to be omitted and when the formula is to be used as it is.
Taking help of hindi language:
“Who” questions can be of two types
1. Where a verb is being done (koi kaam ho raha hai) as in eg 2.b and c
2. Where an existence is questioned (kisi cheez ka hona “tha, thi, hai, hain, hoga, honge” ) as in eg 2. A
Now whenever an exixtence is questioned, subject is a must whose existence is questioned (“you” in eg a) but no verb is done (no main verb) and hence object is not required.
Who is calling= kaun call kar raha hai?
Who are you= aap kaun ho?
Who are you who is calling= aap kaun ho jo call kar rahe ho?
Note dat “jo call kar rahe ho” is irrelevant, “aap kaun ho” is sufficient.
So the key are the formulae mentioned above. Remember dat few of the elements can be omitted as per the context but the order cant be changed and nothing other dan prepositions, articles, etc can be added.
Taking your example “Who are are you calling”
Who are you= existence que
Who is calling= verb(calling) is bieng done so the respective formula is to be used.
Both cant be clubbed unless a conjuction is used to make it a compound sentence made of two or more simple sentence.
I am sure u must have found it difficult to understand and boring as well. But, this doubt comes under topic “structuring of sentence” which is very basic but very important concept. Generally speakers know the correct order simly by bng in an eng speaking environment but the ones who are completely unaware are to be tought dis. That doesnt, in any way mean that u are oen of those. What I mean is dat its one of the very basics and because v dnt come across grammatical rule v may face exceptions and may nt udrsatnd the correct use because of general and popular us of certaing words….
Hope it solved ur query…
If it did, u can get in touych for any other guidance. Else I apologise.
Good day!!
Regards Shipra